Utilizing indigenous information networks provides powerful tools for leaders to synchronize efforts.
actions throughout its entire physical, temporal, and organizational depth. The use of SF to organize, train, and employ indigenous forces operating in the enemy rear area prevents effective employment of reserves, disrupts command and control and logistics, and forces the enemy to cope with U.S. In support of a military campaign, SF acts as a force multiplier through UW and extends the operational reach to influence and strike enemy forces throughout their depth.Such proactive shaping can help prevent insurgencies and/or conflicts from destabilizing partners and ultimately deter conflict, prevail in war, or succeed in a wide range of potential contingencies. They shape foreign political and military environments by working with HNs, regional partners, and indigenous populations and their institutions. They possess capabilities that enable both lethal and nonlethal missions specifically designed to influence threat, friendly, and neutral audiences. SF implements the National Security Strategy developed within a strategic security environment characterized by uncertainty, complexity, rapid change, and persistent conflict. National Security Strategy outside of an overt military campaign, SF specializes in persistent engagement. As an instrument to implement or enforce U.S.SF contributes to the National Security Strategy in the following ways: It provides a broad strategic context for employing military capabilities in concert with other instruments of national power. The National Security Strategy prepared by the Executive Branch for Congress, outlines the major national security concerns of the United States and how the administration plans to deal with them. SF operations are one means by which the President of the United States, Secretary of Defense, Department of State country teams, and geographic combatant commanders (GCCs) can shape an environment to support the U.S. When used effectively, these types of operations can yield disproportional benefits.Ģ-4. The discreet, precise, and scalable nature of SF operations often makes them a more attractive option in instances where a large force structure may be inappropriate or counterproductive or may incur political risk. SF operations historically have been used to shape the environment, to conduct condition-setting activities, and to enable maneuver warfare or other operations. This brief history identifies the precursors and major developments that created modern U.S. The experience in Vietnam gave SF a second purpose: countering a subversive insurgency. Founded at the Psychological Warfare Center at Fort Bragg in 1952 and based upon lessons learned and formation used in guerrilla warfare during World War II, its sole purpose was UW. Designed to organize, train, and support indigenous personnel in behind-the-lines resistance activities, SF belongs to an organization unique in the Army’s history. Army SF, the “quiet professionals” whom history and popular culture often overlook. His real weapons are a deep understanding of terrain, the relationships built, and the influence developed to motivate and train others to take up the fight. This one is perhaps less known and far less understood. There is, however, another Soldier who fights from the shadows. The idea of secret commandos or Rangers striking from the shadows surprising the enemy with overwhelming speed, violence of action, and cutting-edge technology appeals to America’s image of highly trained, elite Soldiers.
There has always been a romantic fascination with special operations forces (SOF).
Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication.
Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as joint task force (JTF) or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces. The principal audience for FM 3-18 is all members of the profession of arms.
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This manual is a continuation of the doctrine established in the JP 3-05 series, ADP 3-05, ADRP 3-05, and FM 3-05. It describes SF roles, missions, capabilities, organization, mission command, employment, and sustainment operations across the range of military operations. Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means.įM 3-18 is the principal manual for Special Forces (SF) doctrine. The following manual was originally published online last April in a post on the Weapons Man blog.
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